Pine Needle

Identity

Common Name

Pine Needle

Scientific Name

Pinus sylvestris

Botanical Family

Pinaceae

Native Region

Eurasia

Cultivation Regions

Europe, Asia, North America

Plant Parts Used

Needles, Young shoots (tips)

Synonyms

Scots Pine, Pine Tips, Pine Needles

Caffeine Level

Caffeine Free

An evergreen conifer bearing bundles of paired, slender blue-green needles and small brown cones, with reddish-orange scaly bark on the upper trunk. Needles are rich in vitamin C and aromatic terpenes.

Historical Background

Pine needle infusions were used for centuries against scurvy and winter respiratory complaints; North American Indigenous groups and European settlers both brewed 'pine tea' for vitamin C and chest relief.

Earliest recorded uses: Scurvy, respiratory congestion, and as a warming aromatic drink.

Cultural significance: The pine has long symbolized endurance and winter resilience; needle teas were survival rations in cold climates.

1. Early modern

   European explorers brew pine needle tea against scurvy.

2. Indigenous

   North American peoples use pine for respiratory and wound care.

Traditional Uses

These uses document historical traditions and do not imply proven effectiveness.

Flavor & Aroma

Aroma: Pine forest, crisp and terpenic

Tea Information

Research Summary

Needles are a genuine dietary source of vitamin C and proanthocyanidins; respiratory and decongestant effects rest largely on traditional use and terpene activity.

Evidence levels reflect the currently available scientific literature and may change as new research emerges. Where evidence is limited or conflicting, this is stated plainly.

References & Sources