Bilberry

Identity

Common Name

Bilberry

Scientific Name

Vaccinium myrtillus

Botanical Family

Ericaceae

Native Region

Northern Europe and northern Asia

Cultivation Regions

Northern Europe, British Isles, Scandinavia, North America

Plant Parts Used

Berries, Leaves

Synonyms

European Blueberry, Whortleberry, Huckleberry

Caffeine Level

Caffeine Free

A low shrub 15-60 cm tall with small ovate finely toothed green leaves, small pale pink bell-shaped flowers, and round dark blue-black berries with purple flesh; the berries and leaves are used.

Historical Background

Bilberry has been a beloved wild fruit of northern European forests for centuries, gathered for jams, pies, and a tart, antioxidant-rich tea. Famous (perhaps apocryphally) for WWII pilots' night vision, its deep purple berries carry the anthocyanin folk tradition for eyes and circulation.

Earliest recorded uses: European folk medicine for centuries; WWII pilots famously ate bilberry jam for night vision (anecdotal).

Traditional Uses

These uses document historical traditions and do not imply proven effectiveness.

Flavor & Aroma

Aroma: Fruity, slightly tart, green, earthy

Tea Information

Research Summary

Bilberry has a tradition for eye and circulatory support, rich in anthocyanins. Clinical evidence is limited and mixed; it is not a treatment for eye disease, retinopathy, varicose veins, or any condition, though it remains a popular antioxidant fruit tea.

Evidence levels reflect the currently available scientific literature and may change as new research emerges. Where evidence is limited or conflicting, this is stated plainly.

References & Sources