Eriobotrya japonica
Loquat
Rosaceae
At a Glance
- Common name
- Loquat
- Scientific name
- Eriobotrya japonica
- Family
- Rosaceae
- Region
- East Asia
- Plant part
- Leaves, Fruit (food)
- Caffeine
- Caffeine Free
- Evidence
- Limited
- Safety review
- Safety information on file
Safety & Cautions
Safety information on fileBotanical Description
An evergreen tree with large leathery oval green leaves (downy beneath) and clusters of small white flowers followed by orange-yellow fuzzy fruits. The leaves are the principal medicinal part in TCM.
Also known as: Japanese Medlar, Pi Pa Ye, Biwa
Historical Background
Loquat leaf (Pi Pa Ye) is a long-standing TCM remedy for cough and 'descending lung qi', featured in the classic syrup Pipa Gao. The fruit is a beloved spring food.
Earliest recorded uses: Coughs, phlegm, and soothing the throat and lungs.
Cultural significance: The subject of a Song-dynasty poem and the base of the famous loquat cough syrup; a staple of East Asian cough care.
Tang/Song
Loquat leaf syrup (Pipa Gao) codified for cough.
Modern
Adopted worldwide as an ornamental and fruit tree.
Traditional preparations:
- Leaf infusion (de-fuzzed)
- Leaf syrup
- Roasted leaf tea
Traditional Uses
These uses document historical traditions and do not imply proven effectiveness.
Traditional Chinese Medicine
Downy leaf infusion or syrup for cough, phlegm, and irritated throat.
Japanese Traditions
Leaves used in folk practice for skin and respiratory comfort.
Flavor & Aroma
Aroma: Faint, fruity-green
Tea Preparation
Modern Evidence
Triterpenes (ursolic/oleanolic acid) and amygdalin are studied for anti-inflammatory and expectorant activity; clinical evidence for cough outcomes is limited.
Evidence levels describe the state of research for the traditional use discussed here, not a recommendation. Historical use does not imply effectiveness.
References & Sources
- WHO · WHO Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants (various)
Related Herbs
Entry last updated August 15, 2026