Chasteberry (Vitex)

At a Glance

Common name

Chasteberry (Vitex)

Scientific name

Vitex agnus-castus

Family

Lamiaceae

Region

Mediterranean

Plant part

Berries (fruit)

Caffeine

Caffeine Free

Evidence

Moderate

Safety review

Safety information on file

Botanical Description

A deciduous shrub or small tree 1–5 m tall with palmate, five-fingered leaves, slender spikes of lilac flowers, and small peppercorn-like dark berries with a peppery aroma. The berries are the medicinal part.

Also known as: Chaste Tree, Monk's Pepper

Historical Background

Chasteberry was used in ancient Greece and Rome for women's complaints and, by monks, to suppress libido (hence 'chaste' tree and 'monk's pepper'). In the 20th century European phytotherapy developed standardized extracts for premenstrual symptoms, and it is now a leading women's herb.

Earliest recorded uses: Dioscorides and Pliny describe vitex for women's conditions; medieval monasteries used the 'monk's pepper' berries.

Cultural significance: Vitex straddles ancient fertility rites and monastic chastity — the same berries sacred to Demeter were later named for monastic temperance — a striking duality preserved in its common names.

Traditional Uses

These uses document historical traditions and do not imply proven effectiveness.

Flavor & Aroma

Aroma: Peppery, slightly sweet, herbaceous

Tea Preparation

Modern Evidence

Chasteberry has been studied for premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Several trials suggest modest improvement in PMS symptoms compared with placebo or some active comparators, though quality varies. It is not a treatment for infertility, and effects on prolactin and hormones are not fully established.

Evidence levels describe the state of research for the traditional use discussed here, not a recommendation. Historical use does not imply effectiveness.